What does a lay judge do in Germany? He/she...

1. decides on guilt and sentencing together with professional judges. ✓
2. gives legal advice to citizens.
3. issues certificates.
4. defends the accused.

Lay judges (Schöffen) are ordinary citizens who help professional judges make decisions, ensuring that the perspective of the general public is heard. It is a wonderful way for everyday people to participate in the German legal system!